In general however, normal creatinine levels range from 0. Laboratory values and interpretation a nurses ultimate guide. Urea and creatinine are nitrogenous end products of metabolism. Name one reason for an increase or decrease in the key chemistries. Generally, for serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen bun levels. A creatinine blood test measures the level of creatinine, a waste product, in the blood. Widmanns bridges the relevant physiology and pathophysiology. The normal range of urea nitrogen in blood or serum is 5 to 20 mgdl, or 1. Multiple methods for analysis of bun and creatinine have evolved over the. Academy of acute care physical therapy apta task force.
Lab test are integral to patient care and depend on cooperation and support of ward staff for accurate and timely interpretation of the results. Without specific interventions, 80% of type i diabetics with repeatedly elevated albumin levels. Basic skills in interpreting laboratory data, 5th ed. Common laboratory values cheat sheet diagnostic tests are crucial in any aspect of clinical practice since they assist clinicians in establishing and determining the particular condition of the patient. Widmanns clinical interpretation of laboratory tests clinical interpretation of lab tests widmanns. Its often ordered along with another kidney test called blood urea nitrogen bun or as part of a comprehensive metabolic panel cmp. As mentioned earlier in this random creatinine test, a sample of urine is obtained from the patient and a test is conducted over it in the lab to check the creatinine content. Collection of midstream urine for urine analysis is required as this sample is less. Results of creatinine tests are interpreted along with bun results, and with other tests results that may have been performed at the same time, such as a renal panel. The normal creatinine clearance is greater than 90. A cmp is a group of tests that provide information about different organs and. The task force consisted of physical therapists from across the country in various acute care settings. If you have kidney disease ask your doctor which tests you will have and how often they will be done.
Well break them down by body system and help you understand how the numbers you see in the chart. The creatinine levels in both urine and blood are determined and compared. Widmanns isnt just page after page of lab tests with normal and abnormal values i recommend wallachs for that. Widmanns clinical interpretation of laboratory tests. Started in 1995, this collection now contains 6767 interlinked topic pages divided into a tree of 31 specialty books and 732 chapters. Results of the creatinine blood test are measured in milligrams per deciliter or micromoles per liter. Describe how creatinine clearance values in combination with bun and creatinine outline the renal function of an individual.
As creatinine is produced, its filtered through the kidneys and excreted in urine. Any changes in levels of creatinine in the blood are related to excretion and therefore reflect kidney function. Both crcl and gfr can be measured using the comparative values of creatinine in blood. Low creatinine levels can indicate an underlying health problem, such as liver disease, but if this is the case, it will usually present alongside other symptoms. Therefore, racial differences in serum levels of creatinine kinase and lactate. This book is distributed under the terms of the creative commons. Significant racialethnic differences were found in almost all laboratory tests. The lab values course will help you understand how to interpret some of the most common and most important laboratory values you might see in your patients.
Creatinine is a waste product from the normal breakdown of muscle tissue. The medical interpretation of a test result is based on comparison to a. American society of healthsystem pharmacists, isbn 1585283436. Urea, commonly referred to as blood urea nitrogen bun when measured. It gives an accurate measure of the kidneys ability to remove creatinine out of your body.
The lab measures the amount of creatinine in the urine. Thus, any given result should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done. Medical reference laboratory providing esoteric and genetic testing services, test selection guidance, result interpretation references, and continuing education for clients worldwide. A bun creatinine ratio is a blood work done to detect acute or chronic renal diseasefailure. Mayo medical laboratories mayo clinic laboratories. Creatinine phosphokinase mb ckmb normal 30170 unitsl increase 46 hrs after mi and remains elevated 2472hrs. Selected normal pediatric laboratory values all laboratory values listed are approximate. Both bun and creatinine are filtered in the kidneys and excreted through urination and they are a perfect parameter for identifying the overall functions of the kidneys. Bun and creatinine levels that are within the ranges established by the laboratory performing the.
Consult your local laboratory for guidelines as to normal values for the specific testing procedures used. Youre driving your friends car, and you got into a. Familiarizing and interpreting laboratory values for nurses dont always have to feel that way. Interpretation of laboratory data and general physical examination by pharmacists. Remember, normal values may vary according to techniques used in different laboratories.
Describe how creatinine clearance values in combination with bun and creatinine outline the. The prognostic value of consistently elevated albumin levels is particularly well established in diabetic patients. It provides fundamentals of interpreting lab test results not only for pharmacy students, but also for practitioners as an aid in assessing patient drugtreatment responses. Bun and creatinine clinical methods ncbi bookshelf. Check out these bestsellers and special offers on books and newsletters from mayo clinic. With the right tips, youll be able to overcome those fears and complete your tasks easily. Creatinine is the product of muscle creatine catabolism. A patients urine test values should be interpreted based on the reference value of the laboratory in which the test was done. Blood urea nitrogen bun level is another indicator of kidney function. Learn more about this common blood test used to measure kidney function. Urine reference values vary based on several factors, including the specific laboratory that supplies them. It is the only text written by and for pharmacists and provides case studies and practical information on patient therapy. Values took on the mission of updating the laboratory values interpretation. Creatinine cr is a byproduct of creatine metabolism, and it is excreted by the kidneys.
Bmp chem7 fishbone diagram explaining labs from the. Normal levels of creatinine in the blood are approximately 0. The mentioned causes are mainly due to low perfusion and low mean arterial pressure map that will cause the body to break down. So now, were going to assess how severe the acute renal failure is by determining your laboratory values. Patient education lab values explained satellite healthcare. In this section, well be discussing the normal laboratory values of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen, including their indications and nursing considerations. The book contains short information about many medical tests and exercises for medical students to interpret these tests. Learn how to prepare for it and what the results mean. Overview of urea and creatinine laboratory medicine oxford. Use this handy cheatsheet to help you monitor laboratory values related to fluid. Laboratory values see inside back cover for continuation. Familiarizing and interpreting laboratory values for nurses dont always have to feel that. Aug 17, 2015 bmp chem7 fishbone diagram explaining labs from the blood book theses are the labs you should know hyponatremia sodium lab value blood hyponatremia mnemonic nursing student this is a collection of my blood book part of bmp fishbone diagram explaining the hyperkalemia hypokalemia, na k cr hypomagnesemia bun creatinine addisons dehydration study sheets for. In europe, the whole urea molecule is assayed, whereas in the united.
Getting familiar with and interpreting laboratory values can be intimidating. To calculate a creatinine clearance you may be asked to save your urine for 24 hours and bring it to the lab. Our goal is to give you clear and concise information so you can enjoy your nursing journey. Creatinine 1525 mgkg per 24 h 3221 mmolkg per 24 h glomerular filtration rate gfr normal male mlmin1. Higher than normal creatinine and blood urea nitrogen bun can be indicative of dehydration. Both are relatively small molecules 60 and 1 daltons, respectively that distribute throughout total body water. An interpretation of the results will depend on the. Understanding your lab values national kidney foundation. Compared to whites, the normal range for asians significantly shifted to higher values in globulin and total protein and to lower values in creatinine, hematocrit, hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin, mean cell hemoglobin concentration, and mean platelet volume. In general, creatinine levels vary depending on a persons body size and. Total urine collected for 24 hours gets sent to the laboratory for analysis. Clinical examination a comprehensive collection of clinical examination osce guides that include stepbystep images. Since the publication of the third edition, much has changedin the clinical lab and in the. If your gfr falls below 30 you will need to see a kidney disease specialist called a nephrologist.
The tests in a clinical chemistry laboratory measure concentrations of. How to read your kidney stone lab report calcium stones by fredric coe, md jeff, a reader of this site, suggested this topic and i realized it was one that i should have written long ago. This book should be of help to nursing in understanding some of the more common tests which are conducted. Plasma creatinine levels may not be affected until significant renal. Academy of acute care physical therapy american physical therapy association task force on lab values took on the mission of updating the laboratory values interpretation resource to better accommodate practitioners needs. A gfr below 15 indicates that you need to start a treatment for kidney failure. Lab values and their meanings forward the laboratory services are very pleased to see this report. Nclex lab values from kaplan nursing coursebook learn with flashcards, games, and more for free. The interpretation of any clinical laboratory test involves comparing the patients results with the tests reference range. Urine creatinine random test test results, normal range. A collection of reference ranges for various laboratory investigations, including full blood count, urea and electrolytes, liver function tests and more.
Racialethnicspecific reference intervals for common. This video covers the basics of this important lab value to help you prepare for. Find out what lab tests are important to kidney patients, what constitutes normal and when your health team needs to take action. A creatinine test reveals important information about your kidneys. Whether you are a student nurse or an experience this book contains the information you need to know to provide superior patient care. Urea is the primary metabolite derived from dietary protein and tissue protein turnover. Normal creatinine clearance for healthy women is 88128 mlmin. Understanding your lab values people who develop chronic kidney disease may have some or all of the following tests and measurements. Define the normal ranges for the key chemistry values described in this course. These laboratory tests are helpful in determining the kidney function of an individual.
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